Engine



WITNESS:

Filed June 2o, 1921 M. R. SMITH ET AL 2 Sheets-Sheet. 1

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mvENToR 5 Y 'I1-JIJ "Y o v. ArroRNEY et. Z8 1924.

M. R. SMITH ET AL ENGINE Filed June 20. 1921 2 Sheets-Shea. 2.

z' 771/; f y NVENTORS ATTCNEY Patented @et 28, i924.

nini stares fisiaiee i eers MILLARD ra. siriani Ann aten-nr 'n onere,oiy sri/innere, iowa.

niveinn.

Application fiiea'iun i921. seiiairro. 479,009.

To @ZZ ifi/iam t 772,452/ concern.'

Be it known'tl'iat we, MILLARD B. SivriTH and finriinfr L. Canio',itizens of the United States, residing at Stanhope, in the county ofHamilton and kState of Iowa, have iiivented new and useful improvementsiii liigines, of which the following is a specification.

rlhis invention relates to internal combustioiiv engines, wherein thecylindeisware arranged in pairs, and wherein one cylinder Vdepends uponthe other for the suction and A compression of the explosive mixture,before the latter is conveyed from one cylinder into the combustionv`chamber` of the other cylinder. y .i

Another object of the Vinvention resides in providing la constructionAwherein the eX- plosive mixture is compressed twiceV before ignition,thereby providing` for a more periect combustion. Y

Another object of the rinvention resides in providing anA engine whereinthe cams for operating the valves arev mounted direct upon the canishaft of the engine, in which position they are subjected toy properlubrication.

More specificallyy stated, the invention .minprehends an engine of theabove inentioiied character lwherein eacli'cylinder has a relativelylarge and ai relatively small bore, with a piston operating w'ifthinthesii/ialler-bore and of a length greater'than the length of said bore,the lower end of the piston being provided'witli a 'flaiige tightlyengaging the wall of the large bore oi' the cylinder, and defining anintalieand compression chamber, wherein the explosive mixture isinitially compressed before it is conveyed into the lcombustion chamberof the. adjacent cylinder.

In carrying out the invention, weprovide an Vintake and compressionchamber in the manner above stated, of sui'iicient'dimensions to fillthe combustion chamber ofthev tion will be better understood when lthefollowing detailed description is read in connection with theaccompanying drawings, the invention residing in the construction,combination, and arrangement of partsV as claimed.

plug- V2ewhiclris threaded into the opening ln the drawings forming partof this apf plication, like numerals of reference indicate similar partsin the several views and wherein:

Figure 1 *is a vertical sectional view through the engine constructed inaccord-1" A'ance with the invention.

'Figure j2f asectional view taken on line 2-2 ofFigure V'1.

Figure 3 is a similar view taken on line 3 3 of Figure 1. Y

Figure i isan enlarged fragmentary View, showingtiielrelative"arrangement of the intake and manifolds for the respectivecylinders. H f

`Referring to kthe drawings in detail,` a'rpair of cylinders areindicatediat 10 and11 respectively, andv each'cylinder is formed toprovide a small bore 12 anda large bore 13. A piston 14 operates withinthe small bore 12of each cylinder, and this piston is slightly longerthan the bore 12, projecting within the large bore 13 `and, having anannular flange 15i whichr tightly engages vthe wall of said large bore13. The flange is equipped withl a-packing ring16 as is also if* thepiston 14 adjacent the upper endthereof, vthese packing rings beingindicated at 17.

In Aproviding the large and small bores for each c-ylinder, a shoulder18is pro-vided 'parallel with the-flange 15, thus formingflf a spacebetween theiiange and shoulder 18 of each cylinderdefining anintalre andcoinpressioii chamber 19.,k A' pitman 2O isicon- 90 necte'd with eachpiston and with the crank shaft indicated aty 21.` The pitman is confinected with the piston by lmeans of a.Y wrist pin- 22, the latter beingtapered zit-'both ends Yas at for the purpose o'f'talring up wear astheoccasion requires. This pin is, inserted from one side 'of the pistonbut does not project from the opposite side, the

iin 'beine' held 'inf iositi'on b lmeans 'of a rs v in the pistonthrough which the pin is passed.' The pin maybe adjusted from time totime by turning the plug 24C to compen- Ysate for wear, and to preventleakage into the crank case of the engine. 1,05

Each cylinder has an intake passage 25, whileboth of the passages haveavcommon inlet opening 26. Arranged in each passageV 25 is a valve 27whiclicontro-ls communication between the inlet opening' 26 and theinlet and compression chambers 19 ofthe respective cylinders. Theshoulder 18 ofV each cylinder has an opening 28 which establishescommunication between the intake and compression chamber 19 of theparticular cylinder and the intake manifold thereof. The intake manifoldfor the cylinder l() i's indicated at 29, While the intake manifoldl ofthe cylinder 11 is indicated at 30. The intake manifold 29 from thecylinder 10 opens into a horizont-ally disposed port 31 of the cylinder11, while the intake manifold 30 from the latter mentioned cylinderopens into a similar port 32 of the cylinder 10. These ports 31 and 32open directly into their respective cylinders, so as to establishcommunication between the latter and their intake manifolds. A valve 33controls communication between the intake manifold 29 and the port 31,while a similar valve 34 controls communication between the intakemanifold 8O and the port 32. Both of these valves include stems 35, andare opened and closed alternately through the instrumentality of cams 36carried by the crank shaft 21.

The upper end of each cylinder is provided with an opening 37 for thereception of a suitable spark plug, and with an exhaust opening 38. Theexhaust opening is normally closed by means of a valve 39 which isoperated by the wellknown push rod 40 rocker 'arm 41 and a cam 42 iixedupon the crank shaft 2l.

Upon reference to Figure 1, it will be noted that the piston 14 of thecylinder 10 has about completed its compression stroke and Y about tofire, while the piston 14 in the cylinder 11 is moving along its powerstroke and sucking Y a charge of explosive mixture through the intakeport 25 into the chamber 19. This charge o-f fuel is trapped in thechamber 19 between the flange 15 and the shoulder 18, and when thepiston in the cylinder'll moves to the position occupied by the pistonand cylinder 10, the fuel just referred to is compressed in the chamber19 :before it is conveyed through the intake manifold 29 into thecombustion chamber of the cylinder 10. In the position of the partsillustrated in Figure 1, the combustion chamber 12 of the cylinder 11 isfilled with the explosive mixture conveyed from the intake andcompression chamber of the cylinder 10 to the position occupied inFigure 1. Consequently, the fuel is compressed twice before firing,`initially in the compression chamber 19 of one cylinder, and then inthe combustion chamber of the adjacent cylinthat the fuel is initiallyintroduced into` the intake and compression chamber 19 of the respectivecylinders surrounding the wall of the pistons, when the latter aremoving along their power stroke, and consequently the fuel is heated inthe chamber 19 absorbing the heat from t-he piston and the Wall of thecylinder, which not only makes for a more combustible mixture, but whichalso tends to maint-ain the piston and cylinder at a more proper workingtemperature. It is to be further noted that the cams for operating thevalves are all carried by the crank shaft and are disposed to beproperly lubricated by the splash system generally vused in internalcombustion engines.

W'hile it is believed that from the foregoing description the nature andadvantages 'of the invention will be readily apparent, we desire to haveit understood that we do not limit ourselves to what is herein largebores, valve controlled means for adv mitting fuel to the large bores,the latter bores being also provided with outlet openings, a pair oflaterally extending castings carried by the upper ends of the cylindersand extended toward each other in transverse horizontal alinement, thecastings being provided with valve seats in their upper faces andfurther provided with longitudinal passageways which communicate withthe small bores of the cylinders, goose necks communieating with theoutlets of the large bores and having their upper ends overlying thevalve seat and communicating with the passageways in the castings, andreciprocable valves supported by the castings and movable ywithin theadjacent ends of the goose necks and adapted-to seat upon said seat.

In testimony whereof we aliix our signatures. i

uiLLAnn n. SMITH.k VALBERT L. CRAIG.

